Heliconius charithonia Linnaeus, 1767

(Da: en.wikipedia.org)
Phylum: Arthropoda von Siebold, 1848
Classe: Insecta Linnaeus, 1758
Ordine: Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758
Famiglia: Nymphalidae Rafinesque, 1815
Genere: Heliconius Kluk, 1780
Specie e sottospecie
Heliconius charithonia ssp. antiquus (Lamas, 1988) - Heliconius charithonia ssp. bassleri (Comstock & Brown, 1950) - Heliconius charithonia ssp. churchi (Comstock & Brown, 1950) - Heliconius charithonia ssp. peruvianus (C. & R. Felder, 1858) - Heliconius charithonia ssp. punctata (Hall) - Heliconius charithonia ssp. ramsdeni (Comstock & Brown, 1950) - Heliconius charithonia ssp. simulator (Röber, 1921) - Heliconius charithonia ssp. tuckeri (Comstock & Brown, 1950) - Heliconius charithonia ssp. vazquezae (Comstock & Brown, 1950).
Descrizione
Il motivo a strisce bianche e nere è aposematico e mette in guardia dai predatori.
Diffusione
La specie è distribuita in tutta l'America meridionale e centrale e fino a nord come il sud del Texas e la Florida peninsulare; ci sono migrazioni verso nord in altri stati americani nei mesi più caldi.
Sinonimi
= Papilio charithonia = Heliconius charithonius = Apostraphia charithonia Dyar, 1903.
Bibliografia
–"NatureServe Explorer 2.0 - Heliconius charithonia, Zebra Longwing". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
–Beccaloni, G.; Scoble, M.; Kitching, I.; Simonsen, T.; Robinson, G.; Pitkin, B.; Hine, A.; Lyal, C., eds. (2003). "Heliconius charithonia". The Global Lepidoptera Names Index. Natural History Museum. Retrieved May 16, 2018.
–"Attributes of Heliconius charithonia". Retrieved November 14, 2013.
–"Zebra Longwing". Retrieved November 14, 2013.
–Ross, Gary N.; Fales, Henry M.; Lloyd, Helen A.; Jones, Tappey; Sokoloski, Edward A.; Marshall-Batty, Kimberly; Blum, Murray S. (June 2001). "Novel Chemistry of Abdominal Defensive Glands of Nymphalid Butterfly Agraulis vanillae". Journal of Chemical Ecology. 27 (6): 1219-1228.
–Kronforst, Marcus R.; Fleming, Theodore H. (2001). "Lack of Genetic Differentiation among Widely Spaced Subpopulations of a Butterfly with Home Range Behaviour". Heredity. 86 (2): 243-50.
–Cardoso, Márcio Z (2008). "Reconstructing Seasonal Range Expansion of the Tropical Butterfly, Heliconius Charithonia, into Texas Using Historical Records". Journal of Insect Science. 10 (69): 1-8.
–"Zebra Heliconian-Florida's State Butterfly!". Archived from the original on August 13, 2013. Retrieved November 14, 2013.
–Finkbeiner, Susan D.; Briscoe, Adriana D.; Reed, Robert D. (2012). "The Benefit of Being a Social Butterfly: Communal Roosting Deters Predation". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 279 (1739): 2769-776.
–Sacledo, Christian. "Behavioral Traits Expressed During Heliconius Butterflies Roost-Assembly". Trop. Lepid. Res 21.2 (2011): 80-83.
–Salcledo, Christian (2010). "Environmental Elements Involved in Communal Roosting in Heliconius Butterflies (Lepidoptera:Nymphalidae)". Environmental Entomology. 39 (3): 907-11.
–Bybee, Seth M.; Monica D. Furong Yuan; Jorge Llorente-Bousquets; Robert D. Reed; Daniel Osorio; Adriana D. Briscoe (2012). "UV Photoreceptors and UV-Yellow Wing Pigments in Heliconius Butterflies Allow a Color Signal to Serve Both Mimicry and Intraspecific Communication". The American Naturalist. 1. 179 (1): 38-51.
–Sacledo, Christian. The Biology of Heliconius Night Roosting A Foundation. Thesis. UFDC, 2010. Gainesville, Fl: University of Florida, 2010. Print.
–Scott, JA. (1986). The Butterflies of North America: A Natural History and Field Guide. Stanford University Press.
–Estrada, Catalina; Jiggins, Chris D. (2002). "Patterns of Pollen Feeding and Habitat Preference among Heliconius Species". Ecological Entomology. 27 (4): 448-56.
–Salcledo, Christian. "Evidence of Pollen Digestion at Nocturnal Aggregations of Heliconius Sara in Costa Rica (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)." Trop. Lepid. Res. 20.1 (2010): 35-37. Web.
–Belatrán, Margarita; Jiggins, Chris D.; Brower, Andrew V. Z.; Bermingham, Eldredge; Mallet, James (2007). "Do Pollen Feeding, Pupal-mating, and Larval Gregariousness Have a Single Origin in Heliconius Butterflies? Inferences from Multilocus DNA Sequence Data". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 92 (2): 221-39.
–Cardoso, M. Z. (2013). "Pollen Feeding, Resource Allocation and the Evolution of Chemical Defence in Passion Vine Butterflies". Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 26 (6): 1254-260.
–VanOverbeke, Dustin R. "Nutritional Ecology of a Generalist Herbivore Vanessa Cardui Linnaeus Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae on Variable Larval and Adult Diets." Diss. UC Riverside, 2011.
–Cardoso, Márcio Z (2008). "Ecology, Behavior and Binomics: Herbivore Handling of a Plant's Trichome: The Case of Heliconius Charithonia (L.) (Lepidoptera:Nymphalidae) and Passiflora Lobata (Kilip) Hutch. (Passifloraceae)". Neotropical Entomology. 37 (3): 247-52.
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